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Fake Shemp
Fake Shemp, or simply Shemp, is someone who appears in a film as a replacement for another actor or person. Their appearance is disguised using methods such as heavy make-up, filming from the back, or using partial shots of the actor.
==Origin==
The term references the comedy trio The Three Stooges. On November 22, 1955, Stooge Shemp Howard died suddenly of a heart attack at age 60. At the time, the Stooges still had four shorts left to deliver (''Rumpus in the Harem'', ''Hot Stuff'', ''Scheming Schemers'', and ''Commotion on the Ocean''), by the terms of their annual contract with Columbia Pictures. By this point in the trio's career, budget cuts at Columbia had forced them to make heavy use of stock footage from previously completed shorts anyway, so they were able to complete the films without Shemp. New footage was filmed of the other two Stooges (Moe Howard and Larry Fine) and edited together with stock footage. When continuity required that Shemp appear in these new scenes, they used Columbia supporting player Joe Palma to be a body double for him, often appearing only from behind or with an object obscuring his face.〔Lenburg, Jeff; Howard Maurer, Joan; Lenburg, Greg; (1982). ''The Three Stooges Scrapbook'', Citadel Press. ISBN 0-8065-0946-5〕 Palma is often mistakenly cited as Shemp's stand-in, but these 4 shorts are the only documented times he performed in this capacity. Joe Palma was a bit character actor, and was not employed as a stand-in or double. Shemp's stand-in was usually Harold Breen, and there were others from time to time. But these 4 shorts required someone to double as Shemp in an actor's capacity, not a stand-in per se; hence, Jules White utilized character actor Palma. Palma became the original "Fake Shemp," although the term was not officially in use at the time.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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